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CHAPTER 4

 

WATER SYSTEMS

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

POTABLE WATER

 

Yes

No

NA

 

1

 

What is the source of water used in the company?

 

 

 

 

Public Network?

 

 

 

Artesian Well, semiartesian well?

 

 

 

 

Others?

 

 

 

2

 

If necessary, is any treatment for making water potable undertaken before the water is stored?

 

 

 

 

2.1

 

Does the selected treatment assure potability, according to each country’s requirements?

 

 

 

 

3

 

Are the system schematics shown?

 

Are the distribution network layouts shown?

 

Are the sampling points shown?

 

 

 

 

4

Does the company have water tanks?

 

 

 

 

4.1

 

What materials is the water tanks made of?

 

 

 

 

5

 

Are the cleaning and disinfecting procedures for water and cistern tanks documented?

 

Does the procedure include a justifiable frequency and sampling points?

 

 

 

 

5.1

Are performance records shown?

 

 

 

 

6

Are physicochemical tests of potable water undertaken?

 

Are physicochemical tests of potable water recorded?

Indicate frequency

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

POTABLE WATER

 

Yes

No

NA

 

7

Is potable water used as a source of purified water or water for injection production?

 

 

 

 

8

Is microbiological control of potable water undertaken?

 

Is microbiological control of potable water recorded?

Indicate frequency

 

 

 

 

9

Is potable water used for the initial washing of equipment and tools?

 

 

 

 

10

Is the visible piping used for the transportation of potable water maintained in good conditions?

 

 

 

 

11

Is there a preventive maintenance program that includes the potable water system?

 

Is there a performance record for this preventive maintenance program?

 

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

PURIFIED WATER

 

Yes

No

 

NA

 

1

Is the purified water used, produced by the company?

 

 

 

 

2

Which is the system used to obtain purified water?

 

 

 

 

Ionic exchange resins?

 

 

 

 

Reverse Osmosis?

 

 

 

 

Distillation?

 

 

 

 

Others (specify which)?

 

 

 

 

3

Section

17.33

Are the system schematics shown?

 

Are the distribution network layouts shown?

 

Are the sampling points shown?

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

PURIFIED WATER

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

4

Section

17.33

What is the production capacity in liters/hour?

 

 

 

4.1

What is the average consumption?

 

 

 

 

5

Section

14.35

Are there written procedures for the operation of the system?

 

 

 

7

Section

17.33

Is the purified water stored?

 

 

 

 

7.1

What is the reservoir capacity?

 

 

 

 

7.2

Is the reservoir constructed of sanitary type material?

 

 

 

 

8

If purified water remains stored longer than 24 hours, is there any treatment to prevent

microbiological contamination?

 

 

 

 

8.1

Section

17.33

Does the selected treatment prevent microbiological contamination?

 

 

 

 

9

Are the pipes and valves used to distribute purified water made of sanitary material?

 

 

 

 

10

Section

15.21

Are the visible piping used in water distribution maintained in good conditions?

 

 

 

 

11

Sections

15.21

17.42

Is the distribution system of purified water sanitized?

 

 

 

 

11.1

Is there a SOP for the sanitation of purified water storage and distribution system?

 

 

 

 

11.2

What is the sanitation method used?

 

 

 

 

11.3

In the case of an open distribution system that is not used in 24 hours or more, is sanitation undertaken the day before its use?

 

 

 

 

11.4

Are records kept?

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

PURIFIED WATER

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

11.5

In the case of chemical sanitation, are sanitizing agent residues tested?

 

 

 

 

11.6

Are there records?

 

 

 

 

12

Is there any type of filter in the distribution system?

 

 

 

 

12.1

In the case that filters exist, are they sanitized?

 

 

 

 

12.2

Are the filter sanitation records shown?

 

 

 

 

12.3

Are the filter replacement records shown?

 

 

 

 

12.4

In the case of open distribution system not used in 24 hours or more, is sanitation done the day before its use?

 

 

 

 

13

Is any other system, to reduce bacterial burden from purified water, used in the  distribution system?

 

Which type?

 

 

 

 

14

Is the purified water used as a raw material to manufacture non-parenteral products?

 

 

 

 

15

Is the purified water used for washing production equipment and utensils?

 

 

 

 

15.1

Is the purified water used for the final rinse of the equipment used in the manufacture of

non-parenteral products?

 

 

 

 

15.2

Is the purified water used for the final rinse of the equipment used in the manufacture of

non-parenteral products?

 

 

 

 

16

 

Is a non-continuous purified water production system used?

 

 

 

 

16.1

Section

17.42

Does each batch or production day release, by Quality control, undergo physicochemical test established official pharmacopoeias or by alternative validated methods?

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

PURIFIED WATER

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

16.2

Section

17.42

Are microbiological controls undertaken on the day of use?

 

 

 

 

16.3

Is an action limit established?

 

 

 

 

16.4

Is the action limit no more than 100 cfu / mL?

 

 

 

 

16.5

When the action limit is exceeded, is an investigation always undertaken to ensure quality of the batches of products made with such water?

 

 

 

 

16.6

Is the documentation shown?

 

 

 

 

17

 

Is a continuous system of purified water production used?

 

 

 

 

17.1

Section

17.42

Is there a continuous monitoring of the quality of the purified water?

 

 

 

 

17.2

Is there an automatic system to prevent use of the purified water, if this is out of

specifications?

 

 

 

 

17.3

If there is an automatic system, is this checked to verify that it is functioning properly?

 

 

 

 

17.4

Are physicochemical analyses undertaken daily or with an established frequency according to the procedures established by current editions of official pharmacopoeias or by alternative validated methods?

 

 

 

 

17.5

Are microbiological analysis undertaken on the days of use or with an established frequency which is properly validated?

 

 

 

 

17.6

Is an action limit established?

 

 

 

 

17.7

Is the action limit no more than 100 cfu / mL?

 

 

 

 

17.8

When the action limit is exceeded, is an investigation always undertaken to ensure quality of the batches of product made with that water?

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

PURIFIED WATER

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

17.9

Is the documentation shown?

 

 

 

 

18

Section

17.42

Are the sampling points rotated to cover all points of use?

 

 

 

 

19

 

Is there a SOP for sampling?

 

 

 

 

20

If the water that feeds the system is chlorinated, is there a system to remove the chlorine?

 

 

 

21

Are ionic exchange resins used?

 

 

 

 

21.1

Section

17.42

 

Is there a SOP that considers the criteria to follow for the regeneration of resins and the frequency of regeneration?

 

 

 

 

21.2

Section

17.42

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

22

Are there SOPs for the sanitation of the purified water system?

 

 

 

 

22.1

What is the sanitation system used?

 

 

 

 

22.2

What is the sanitation frequency?

 

 

 

 

22.3

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

23

Is there a preventive maintenance program that includes the components of the purified water system?

 

 

 

 

23.1

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

REF:

WHO 32

 

WATER FOR INJECTION

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

1

Which treatment system is used to get Water for Injection?

 

 

 

 

2

Section

17.33

 

Are system schematics shown?

 

Are distribution network layouts shown?

 

Are sampling points shown?

 

 

 

 

3

Section

14.35

Are there written procedures for the operation of the system?

 

 

 

 

4

Section

17.33

What is the production capacity in liters/hour?

 

 

 

 

4.1

What is the average consumption?

 

 

 

 

5

If a reverse osmosis system is used:

 

 

 

5.1

Is a two-steps system or double osmosis system used on line?

 

 

 

 

5.2

Is the water that feeds the system pre-treated?

 

 

 

 

5.3

What is the pre-treatment system?

 

 

 

 

5.4

Is the system sanitized?

 

 

 

 

5.4.1

What is the sanitation frequency?

 

 

 

 

5.4.2

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

5.5

In case that chemical sanitation is undertaken, are sanitizing agent residues investigated?

 

 

 

 

5.5.1

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

6

If distillation is used:

 

 

 

 

6.1

Is the water that feeds the system pre-treated?

 

 

 

 

6.2

Which is the pre-treatment system?

____________________________________________

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

WATER FOR INJECTION

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

7

Is there a storage tank for the Water used for injection?

 

 

 

 

7.1

Is the tank made of sanitary material?

 

 

 

 

7.2

What is its capacity?

 

 

 

 

7.3

Does it have a hydrophobic vent absolute filter?

 

 

 

 

7.4

Are periodic integrity tests undertaken?

 

 

 

 

7.5

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

8

Are pipes used in the distribution of Water for Injection up to the point of use?

 

 

 

 

8.1

Are pipes made of sanitary material?

 

 

 

 

8.2

Is there any type of heat exchanger in the system?

 

 

 

 

8.3

If “YES", are there guarantees that the heat exchanger is not a source of contamination?

 

 

 

 

9

Is there a SOP for the sanitation of the water storage and distribution system?

 

 

 

 

9.1

What is the sanitation method used?

 

 

 

 

9.2

What is the sanitation frequency?

 

 

 

 

9.3

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

9.4

In case of chemical sanitation, is the existence of sanitizing agent residues investigated?

 

 

 

 

9.5

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

9.6

If sanitation is thermal, is it undertaken periodically by a fluent steam circulation?

 

 

 

 

9.7

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

WATER FOR INJECTION

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

10

Section

17.33

If water is not used the same day of its production, is the water maintained above 80 °C or below 4º and with constant recirculation through a loop up to points of use?

 

 

 

 

11

If recirculation is below 4oC, ¿are additional precautions taken to prevent access of

microbial contaminants and its proliferation?

 

 

 

 

11.1

What are those precautions?

____________________________________________

 

 

 

 

11.2

Do the storage and recirculation of the water at this temperature ensure its quality according to its use?

 

 

 

 

12

If the water is produced by reverse osmosis, is there any system to maintain its quality?

 

 

 

 

13

If the company manufactures parenteral products, does it use water for injections as a

raw material?

 

 

 

 

14

If the company manufactures parenteral products, does it use water for injections for the final rinse of equipments and components used in manufacturing?

 

 

 

 

15

Is a non-continuous and non-recirculated production system of Water for injection used?

 

 

 

 

15.1

If this is the case: is water used only during the day of its production?

 

 

 

 

15.2

Is water disposed at end of the day of its production?

 

 

 

 

15.3

Is each batch released by Quality control by physicochemical and bacterial endotoxins tests according to the procedures established by current editions of official pharmacopoeias or by alternative methods validated?

 

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

WATER FOR INJECTION

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

15.4

Are microbiological tests of each batch undertaken?

 

 

 

 

15.5

Is an action limit established?

 

 

 

 

15.6

Is action limit no more than 10 cfu /100mL ?

 

 

 

 

15.7

When the action limit is exceeded, is an investigation of the system always undertaken?

 

 

 

 

15.8

Is the investigation report shown?

 

 

 

 

15.9

Are measures undertaken?

 

 

 

 

15.10

What measures are  undertaken?

 

 

 

 

16

Is there a continuous system of for the production of water for injections used?

 

 

 

 

16.1

Section

17.42

Is there a continuous monitoring of the water quality?

 

 

 

 

16.2

Is there an automatic system to prevent the use of the water for injections, if it is out of specifications?

 

 

 

 


 

16.3

If there is an automatic system to prevent the use of the water for injections, if it is out of specifications, is it checked to verify that it is operating properly?

 

 

 

 

16.4

Are physicochemical and bacterial endotoxin tests undertaken according to the procedures established by current editions of EP, USP, and latest edition of National Pharmacopoeia or by an alternate validated method?

 

 

 

 

16.5

Are microbiological tests undertaken daily or with an established frequency which is properly validated?

 

 

 

 

16.6

Is an action limit established?

 

 

 

 

16.7

Is the action limit no more than 10 cfu / 100mL?

 

 

 

 

REF:

WHO 32

 

WATER FOR INJECTION

 

Yes

 

No

 

NA

 

16.8

When the action limit is exceeded, is an investigation of the system always undertaken?

 

 

 

 

16.9

Is the investigation report shown?

 

 

 

 

16.10

Were measures taken?

 

 

 

 

16.11

What measures were taken?

 

 

 

 

17

Are sampling sites rotated so that all points of use are covered?

 

 

 

 

18

Is there a SOP for sampling?

 

 

 

 

19

Is there a preventive maintenance program that includes the water for injection system?

 

 

 

 

19.1

Are records kept?

 

 

 

 

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